Tóm tắt
Background: Foot ulcers are a serious complication among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, while foot self-care practices in primary healthcare settings remain suboptimal. In addition, factors associated with foot self-care behaviors have not yet been fully elucidated.
Objectives: To identify factors associated with foot self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving outpatient care at Son Tra Regional Medical Center.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 248 outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving treatment at Son Tra Regional Medical Center from April to August 2024. Data were collected using the Diabetes Foot Knowledge Questionnaire (DFKQ), Diabetes Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale (DFCSES), Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale (DFSBS).
Results: The mean age of the 248 study participants was 63.92 ± 9.97 years. For routine daily foot self-care behaviors (DFSBS-1), significant independent associated factors included longer duration of diabetes (p = 0.031), higher body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.021), and higher self-efficacy (DFCSES, p < 0.001). For specific preventive behaviors (DFSBS-2), independent associated factors included better foot-care knowledge (DFKQ, p = 0.011), higher self-efficacy (DFCSES, p < 0.001), and routine daily foot self-care behaviors (DFSBS-1, p < 0.001). Overall self-management (DSMQ) was not independently significantly associated with either dimension of foot self-care behaviors (p = 0.284).
Conclusion: Health education and interventions to enhance self-efficacy should be strengthened to improve foot self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| Đã xuất bản | 15-11-2026 | |
| Toàn văn |
|
|
| Ngôn ngữ |
|
|
| Số tạp chí | Tập 16 Số S-3 (2026) | |
| Phân mục | Nghiên cứu | |
| DOI | 10.34071/jmp.2026.S-3.9 | |
| Từ khóa | Type 2 diabetes mellitus, foot self-care behaviors, self-efficacy, self-management |
công trình này được cấp phép theo Creative Commons Attribution-phi thương mại-NoDerivatives 4.0 License International .
Bản quyền (c) 2026 Hue Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
Trung tâm Y tế khu vực Gò Vấp. Đái tháo đường: triệu chứng, nguyên nhân, biến chứng và cách điều trị. [Online]. [cited 2026 Sep 09]. Available from: URL: https://trungtamytegovap.medinet.gov.vn/ban-tin-truyen-thong/dai-thao-duong-trieu-chung-nguyen-nhan-bien-chung-va-cach-dieu-tri-cmobile14393-76245.aspx
Bộ Y tế. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán và điều trị loét bàn chân do Đái tháo đường. Hà Nội: Bộ Y tế; 2023.
Trung tâm Y tế Phường 3 Quận 6. Dinh dưỡng cho người bệnh Đái tháo đường có biến chứng thận. [Online]. 2026 [cited 2026 Aug 10]. Available from: URL: https://tytphuong3q6.medinet.gov.vn/quan-ly-benh-man-tinh-khong-lay/dinh-duong-cho-nguoi-benh-dai-thao-duong-co-bien-chung-than-cmobile11565-150777.aspx
Adiewere P, Gillis RB, Imran Jiwani S, Meal A, Shaw I, Adams GG. A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient education in preventing and reducing the incidence or recurrence of adult diabetes foot ulcers (DFU). Heliyon. 2018 May 2;4(5):e00614.
Wendling S, Beadle V. The relationship between self-efficacy and diabetic foot self-care. Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology 2015; 2(1): 37-41.
Schmitt A, Gahr A, Hermanns N, Kulzer B, Huber J, Haak T. The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ): development and evaluation of an instrument to assess diabetes self-care activities associated with glycemic control. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013; 11: 138.
Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev 1977; 84(2): 191-215.
Biçer EK, Enç N. Evaluation of foot care and self-efficacy in patients with diabetes in Turkey: an interventional study. International journal of diabetes in developing countries. 2016 Sep;36(3):334-44.
Garcia AA, Villagomez ET, Brown SA, Kouzekanani K, Hanis CL. The Starr County Diabetes Education Study: development of the Spanish-language diabetes knowledge questionnaire. Diabetes Care 2001; 24(1): 16-21.
Chin YF, Huang TT. Development and validation of a Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior scale. Journal of Nursing Research 2013; 21(1): 19-25.
Phan Hữu Hên, Cao Thị Bích Loan. Kiến thức và phương thức tự chăm sóc bàn chân trên bệnh nhân Đái tháo đường tại khoa Nội tiết, Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2025;555(2):362-366.
Vũ Phương Anh, Nguyễn Thị Nguyệt. Kiến thức và thực hành tự chăm sóc bàn chân của người bệnh Đái tháo đường điều trị ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn năm 2021. Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng. 2022;5(2):25-33. doi:10.54436/jns.2022.02.462.
Nguyen HA, Ma TP, Nguyen CN, Tran GH, Nguyen HK, Ta HN, et al. Assessment of foot self-care practices among patients with diabetes at University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City. Journal of Practical Medicine and Pharmacy. 2025;(44):112-121.
Sen HTN, Visudtibhan PJ, Siripitayakunkit A. Factors related to foot care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Da Nang, Vietnam. Ramathibodi Med J. 2019;42(3):57-68. doi:10.33165/rmj.2019.42.3.162035
Đặng Thị Nga, Nguyễn Thị Minh Chính, Nguyễn Thị Hoa Huyền. Thực trạng kiến thức tự chăm sóc bàn chân của người bệnh Đái tháo đường có biến chứng bàn chân điều trị tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Hà Đông. Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng. 2025;8(6):100-108. doi:10.54436/jns.2025.06.1074.
Woo MWJ, Cui J. Factors influencing foot care behaviour among patients with diabetes: An integrative literature review. Nurs Open. 2023;10(7):4216-4243. doi:10.1002/nop2.1710.
Zhu X, Tjhin S, Goh LJ, De Roza JG, Chan HFF, Yin R, et al. Factors associated with foot self-care behaviour and foot screening attendance in people with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in primary care. BMJ Open. 2024;14(12):e088088. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088088.
Boz E, Topbaş E. Examination of the Relationship Between Foot Care Behaviour, Self-Efficacy, and Diabetes Self-Care Among Individuals With and Without Diabetic Foot Wounds. Scand J Caring Sci. 2026;40(2):e70243. doi:10.1111/scs.70243.
Alsaleh FM, AlBassam KS, Alsairafi ZK, Naser AY. Knowledge and practice of foot self-care among patients with diabetes attending primary healthcare centres in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Saudi Pharm J. 2021;29(5):506-515. doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2021.04.006.
Amro AM, Deeb S, Alfrookh MH, Makhamra BM, Amro L, Assi AK, et al. Foot self-care practices among adults with diabetes in the West Bank, Palestine: A cross-sectional study. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2026;6(2):e0005313. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0005313.
Schmitt A, Reimer A, Hermanns N, Huber J, Ehrmann D, Schall S, Kulzer B. Assessing Diabetes Self-Management with the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) Can Help Analyse Behavioural Problems Related to Reduced Glycaemic Control. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 3;11(3):e0150774. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150774.
Chin YF, Liang J, Wang WS, Hsu BR, Huang TT. The role of foot self-care behavior on developing foot ulcers in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy: a prospective study. Int J Nurs Stud 2014; 51(12): 1568-1574.
Yıldırım Ayaz E, Dincer B, Oğuz A. The effect of foot care education for patients with diabetes on knowledge, self-efficacy and behavior: systematic review and meta-analysis. The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 2022; 21(3): 234-253.