Abstract

Introduction: Microbiological data of the hospital play an important in orienting the appropriate treatment regimen for the patient. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of bacteria causing hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) and rationality of antibiotic regimen compared with antibiograms at Gia Lai General Hospital. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was enrolled based on data collected from the medical records of patients with HAP from July 1st, 2020 to June 30 th, 2021. Results: Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 84.6%, of which the most common were K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P . mirabilis. These bacteria were highly resistant to most antibiotics (3 rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, carbapenem). K. pneumoniae and P . mirabilis were resistant to colistin. The rate of rationality of empiric antibiotic regimen compared with antibiograms was 9.3%; many antibiotics were commonly prescribed at the hospital but their sensitivity was not evaluated on the antibiograms. After having the result of antibiograms, 37.2% of patients were changed their regimens, in which 20.9% of changes were consistent with antibiograms. Conclusion: The majority of Gram-negative bacteria causing HAP were resistant to antibiotics. It is necessary to develop a reasonable antibiotic regimen to improve treatment effectiveness.