Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a common cardiovascular emergency with high mortality and readmission rates. Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of hospitalized AHF patients and compare decompensated chronic heart failure with first-onset AHF. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study of 456 patients admitted from January to June 2024; data extracted from medical records and analyzed using Stata 15.0. Results: Mean age 70.7±13.5 years; 48.2% male. Comorbidities: hypertension 87.9%, dyslipidemia 71.7%, diabetes 44.5%, atrial fibrillation 25%. Main symptoms: dyspnea 95.0%, pulmonary crackles 69.3%. Hemodynamics: wet–warm 68.6%, warm–dry 28.9%. Clinical presentations: acute decompensated HF 89.7%, acute pulmonary edema 8.3%, cardiogenic shock 0.7%. Triggers/precipitants (CHAMPIT) 68.2%, notably acute coronary syndrome 42.5% and infection 28.5%. Paraclinical findings: median NT-proBNP 5,113 pg/mL [2,276–11,537], LVEF 50% [35–63], BUN 7.5 mmol/L [5.4–11.6], creatinine 109 µmol/L [84–148.8], pulmonary infiltration 53.5%, moderate-or-greater mitral regurgitation 42.3%. Compared with first-onset AHF, the decompensated chronic HF group was older (p=0.028) with more comorbidities, higher NT-proBNP, lower LVEF, and higher BUN/creatinine (all p<0.001). Conclusions: AHF patients are typically elderly with multiple comorbidities and significant paraclinical abnormalities; those with decompensated chronic HF show more severe clinical and paraclinical derangements than first-onset AHF. Keywords: acute heart failure; clinical characteristics; paraclinical characteristics.
| Published | 2026-06-28 | |
| Fulltext |
|
|
| Language |
|
|
| Issue | Vol. 16 No. 3 (2026) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | 10.34071/jmp.2026.3.724 | |
| Keywords | suy tim cấp, đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng. |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hue Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Böhm M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3599-3726. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368.
Mebazaa A, Yilmaz MB, Levy P, Ponikowski P, Peacock WF, Laribi S, et al. Recommendations on pre-hospital and early hospital management of acute heart failure: a consensus paper from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the European Society of Emergency Medicine and the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17(6):544-558. doi:10.1002/ejhf.289.
Gheorghiade M, Zannad F, Sopko G, Klein L, Piña IL, Konstam MA, et al. Acute heart failure syndromes: current state and framework for future research. Circulation. 2005;112(25):3958-3968. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.590091.
O’Connor CM, Miller AB, Blair JEA, Konstam MA, Wedge P, Bahit MC, et al. Causes of death and rehospitalization in patients hospitalized with worsening heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: results from Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study with Tolvaptan (EVEREST) program. Am Heart J. 2010;159(5):841-849.e1. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2010.02.023.
Chioncel O, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP, Coats AJS, Piepoli MF, Crespo-Leiro MG, et al. Clinical phenotypes and outcome of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(10):1242-1254. doi:10.1002/ejhf.890.
Crespo-Leiro MG, Anker SD, Maggioni AP, Coats AJS, Filippatos G, Ruschitzka F, et al. European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry (ESC-HF-LT): 1-year follow-up outcomes and differences across regions. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(6):613-625. doi:10.1002/ejhf.566.
Do TNP, Do QH, Cowie MR, Ha NB, Do VD, Do TH, et al. Effect of the Optimize Heart Failure Care Program on clinical and patient outcomes – the pilot implementation in Vietnam. IJC Heart Vasc. 2019;22:169-173. doi:10.1016/j.ijcha.2019.02.010.
Truong MC, Tran KH, Chau NH. Differences in clinical characteristics and mortality of de novo acute heart failure and acutely decompensated chronic heart failure: a prospective cohort study. Tạp chí Tim mạch học Việt Nam. 2023;(107). doi:10.58354/jvc.107e.2023.718.
Hồ Thị Ngọc Duyên. Thang điểm AHEAD ở bệnh nhân suy tim cấp [luận văn chuyên khoa cấp II]. Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh: Đại học Y Dược Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; 2022.
Hoàng Huy Trường, Nguyễn Hoàng Hải, Nguyễn Thị Thu Quyên, Hà Hoài Nam. Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và điều trị ở bệnh nhân suy tim mất bù cấp. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2025;550(3):23-28. doi:10.51298/vmj.v550i3.14310.
Nguyễn Đức Khánh, Trương Phi Hùng. Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh nhân suy tim cấp nhập viện tại Bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2024;542(1):381-386. doi:10.51298/vmj.v542i1.11022.
Adams KF Jr, Fonarow GC, Emerman CL, LeJemtel TH, Costanzo MR, Abraham WT, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure in the United States: rationale, design, and preliminary observations from the first 100,000 cases in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). Am Heart J. 2005;149(2):209-216. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.005.
Llorens P, Escoda R, Miró Ò, Herrero-Puente P, Martín-Sánchez FJ, Jacob J, et al. Characteristics and clinical course of patients with acute heart failure and the therapeutic measures applied in Spanish emergency departments: based on the EAHFE registry (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments). Emergencias. 2015;27(1):11-22.
Hoàng Văn Sỹ, Triệu Khánh Vinh, Trương Phi Hùng, Lý Văn Chiêu, Nguyễn Tri Thức. Đặc điểm lâm sàng và siêu âm tim ở bệnh nhân suy tim cấp nhập viện có biến cố tử vong và tái nhập viện 30 ngày sau xuất viện. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2023;524(1B):369-373. doi:10.51298/vmj.v524i1B.4801.
Filippatos G, Angermann CE, Cleland JGF, Lam CSP, Dahlström U, Dickstein K, et al. Global differences in characteristics, precipitants, and initial management of patients presenting with acute heart failure. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5(4):401-410. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5108.